Back to news

Director General’s message on the launch of The Impact of Nepal’s 2015 Gorkha Earthquake-Induced Geohazards

We are pleased to share this important publication The Impact of Nepal’s 2015 Gorkha Earthquake-Induced Geohazards with a wider audience around the world. In the aftermath of the Gorkha Earthquake that hit Nepal on 25 April, ICIMOD joined hands with regional and international experts and institutions to map the positions of landslides and debris flows and where they had blocked river valleys. The information collected by the team was provided directly to the Government of Nepal to assist in relief efforts and was instrumental in the formation of a Geohazards Task Force by the government.

David James Molden

1 min Read

70% Complete

Later, ICIMOD in collaboration with other experts undertook several studies including field surveys, airborne observations, and remote sensing mapping to assess the occurrence and impact of the geohazards induced by the earthquake and its aftershocks. This publication presents the results of this work together with findings from several other related studies.

Panorama images of Langtang Village taken before (October 2012) and after (May 2015) the Nepal earthquake.
Photo credit: D. Breashears/GlacierWorks

The Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region is geologically fragile with unstable slope-land systems, and geohazards such as landslides and debris flows are common. The people of the region are very vulnerable to such natural hazards, a vulnerability compounded by the social conditions. The region also falls in a high seismic zone; earthquakes are a frequent phenomenon and cause significant loss of lives and property.
The Gorkha Earthquake devastated large parts of the country. The main shock of 25 April and several other aftershocks including that of 12 May caused the death of about 9,000 people, injured 22,000, and was responsible for loss and damage equivalent to USD 7 billion. This study indicates that the main geohazards induced by the Gorkha Earthquake were landslides, river channel constriction and damming, and avalanches with debris flow and airburst. The number of landslides was large (more than 4,000), but much less than that induced elsewhere by other earthquakes of similar magnitude.

Results from the study have shown that damage from earthquake-induced geohazards can be considerable, and there is the need to treat geohazards separately since their nature and effects and mitigation and adaptation options are different. Similarly, the secondary effect of the damage from geohazards is likely to be comparatively much higher than that of the direct earthquake impact in terms of loss of livelihoods, blocking of movement of people, goods, and services, and loss of revenue from trade and energy supply.

New data has revealed that the Gorkha Earthquake did not release all of the stress that had built up underground along the Himalayan arc. Due to the residual stress, likelihood of another large earthquake occurring in the future remains. Seismologists say the damage from a possible large earthquake could be much worse.

We hope that the findings and the recommendations provided by the authors in this publication will help policy and decision makers in Nepal and other regional member countries in their efforts to prepare for geohazards and improve geohazard management.

Stay current

Stay up to date on what’s happening around the HKH with our most recent publications and find out how you can help by subscribing to our mailing list.

Sign Up

Related content

Continue exploring this topic

IYB 2010 Message

The year 2010 has been declared as the International Year of Biodiversity (IYB) by the ...

22 May 2020 Biodiversity
Building a future in harmony with nature

This year’s theme for the International Day of Biological Diversity, “Our solutions are in nature”, is a timely reminder to ...

Mountain women on the frontlines of climate action

Climate change impacts all of us, but this burden is not evenly spread out. Our experiences, our privileges, our ...

Building transboundary trust, cooperation, and partnerships

November has been an eventful month for transboundary cooperation on climate change, with COP27 taking centre stage. With optimism about ...

World Environment Day 2016

ICIMOD joins the world in celebrating World Environment Day (WED) on 5 June 2016. As we endeavour to put into ...

Understanding ICIMOD’s Strategic Orientation

Institutional Positioning Mountain Focus: First and foremost, ICIMOD is for mountains and people, covering the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH). Mountain ecosystems ...

8 Mar 2024 IWD
为什么在气候变化和逆转兴都库什-喜马拉雅地区生物多样性损失方面,投资于女性对于其加速进展至关重要,以及ICIMOD正在采取什么措施

Read in english 显而易见的是,无论从事何种工作,未能克服性别不公不仅在道德上是错误的,而且对行为底线有害。 在我们迫切需要取得进展的领域,以及国际山地综合发展中心(ICIMOD)所涉及的领域,投资于女性尤为关键,包括发展、科学、气候和自然等方面。 根据世界经济论坛发布的最新研究,仅在印度,性别平等就能为国内生产总值增加7700亿美元;而在孟加拉国,这一数字将达到300亿美元。 尽管存在如此明确的经济激励,但兴都库什-喜马拉雅地区的八个国家仍然面临巨大挑战。 在ICIMOD,我们将性别平等作为2030年战略的核心组成部分,全力改变这一状况,并为国家、社区和自然环境带来回报。 在我们的运营中,我们正在充分利用我们的平台,与妇女团体、青年和原住民关系网络建立更紧密的合作关系;我们承诺通过专家团队和活动来鼓励她们发声,并为她们的职业发展和公共演讲提供支持,同时监测和解决性别不平衡的问题。 我们也致力于在招聘、晋升和行政职能方面推动公平,特别关注增强各个员工层面的性别和多样性代表性,尤其是在决策、专业和领导职位上。 性别问题现已贯穿在我们的各类项目中,每个战略小组内都设有相关专家和分析师。 目前,我们的创业工作优先考虑为由女性或主要雇佣女性以及边缘社会群体的企业提供技术支持和财务资源。 此外,考虑到地方政府和国家政府对于制定自然资源管理(NRM)计划的至关重要性,ICIMOD已经举办了培训,以支持制定能够充分利用妇女见解、技能和专业知识的NRM行动计划。 身处同一地区,我们需要更进一步。 研究表明,女性-包括妇女和女孩-首当其冲受到气候危机的影响。气候危机导致流离失所的受害者中有80%是女性。 从2025年开始,每年预计有1200万女孩受气候危机影响,无法完成学业。到2050年,将有多达1.58亿女性陷入贫困,其中2.36亿女性面临更加严重的粮食不安全状况。 这种性别不平等是由于长期存在的资金流动严重不足,以及政策针对性不够所导致的。 在国际性资金支持中,仅有0.01%用于应对气候变化和促进妇女权利的项目。 全球范围内,只要不到2%的国家气候战略考虑到了妇女和女孩的不同处境和需求。 也许,考虑到女性在决策过程中的代表性不足,这并不足为奇。 在 COP27 上,只有 6% 的世界领导人是女性,这一比例在 COP28 上上升了 10% 以上。直到今年早些时候出现强烈反对之后,今年的 COP 主席才在此前全员男性的组织委员会中增加了 ...