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Hussain, A; Qamar, FM (2020). 'Dual Challenge of Climate Change and Agrobiodiversity Loss in Mountain Food Systems in the Hindu-Kush Himalaya.' In One Earth 3: 539-542 DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2020.10.016.
In the Hindu Kush Himalaya, around one-third of the population is food insecure. In the last three decades (1991–2020), the dual challenge of climate change and agrobiodiversity loss has had a serious impact on the sustainably of food systems in the region. Without tackling this dual challenge, it is difficult to achieve sustainable food and nutrition security.
Uddin, K; Khanal, N; Chaudhary, S; Maharjan, S; Thapa, RB (2020). 'Coastal Morphological Changes: Assessing Long-Term Ecological Transformations across the Northern Bay of Bengal.' In Environmental Challenges 1: 100001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2020.100001
Major rivers from the Himalayas carry a high volume of sedimentation, and deposit it across the Bay of Bengal in Bangladesh. This has caused significant changes in the morphology of the bay, including the development of islands across the bay area. We assessed the coastal morphological changes and ecological succession of these newly formed islands. We used the Google Earth Engine platform and publicly available annual composites of Landsat 8, Landsat ETM+, and TM data from 1989 to 2018. We found a 1.15% net increase in land area. Initially, the islands appeared as barren areas without any vegetation, but different types of vegetation have been observed growing on the newly formed islands recently. Our findings are important for the conservation and development planning of newly formed islands.
Zhu, D; Wu, N; Bhattarai, N; Oli, KP; Chen, H; Rawat, GS; Rashid, I; Dhakal, M; Joshi, S; Tian, J; Zhu, Qa; Chaudhary, S; Tshering, K 'Methane Emissions Respond to Soil Temperature in Convergent Patterns but Divergent Sensitivities across Wetlands Along Altitude.' In Global Change Biology n/a DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15454.
There is a declining trend of optimal soil temperature for methane emissions from low to high latitudes in wetlands. We therefore studied two natural wetlands located at contrasting climatic zones in the Nepal Himalaya to test (1) whether the optimal temperature for methane emissions decreases from low to high altitude, and (2) whether there is a difference in temperature sensitivity of methane emissions from those wetlands. We provide the first evidence of an apparent decline in optimal temperature for methane emissions with increasing elevation. Our findings suggest a convergent pattern of methane emissions with respect to seasonal temperature shifts from wetlands along altitudinal gradient, while a divergent pattern in temperature sensitivities exhibits a single peak in mid-altitude.
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